Exploring the Cultural and Natural Heritage of Nikko

Nikko's World Heritage Sites are primarily composed of the Toshogu Shrine, Futarasan Shrine, and Rinnoji Temple, each representing different spiritual influences. Toshogu is dedicated to Tokugawa Ieyasu, whose mausoleum is located here, making it the most prestigious among similar shrines across Japan. The Yomeimon Gate, with its vibrant white and gold hues, stands out, while other structures feature red, black, and gold tones. Visitors often seek out the famous 'see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil' monkeys and the sleeping cat, which guards the gate. Futarasan Shrine is part of Shinto, and Rinnoji Temple belongs to the Tendai sect of Buddhism, originating from Tiantai Mountain in Zhejiang. The bell and drum towers here differ from those in other regions, highlighting the cultural influence of architecture. Reflecting on these ancient structures, one realizes the profound impact of cultural exchange, unlike today's reliance on institutions like the Confucius Institute. In the afternoon, I ventured into Nikko's natural landscapes, which offer numerous hiking trails such as the Kirifuri Highlands, Senjogahara, and Akanuma, as well as Edo-era villages and the Kinugawa River. I chose a less strenuous path to visit the Tachiki Kannon, a branch of Rinnoji Temple, and the surrounding villa area. This scenic spot was first discovered by Shodo Shonin, the founder of Nikko, and the villas were built as embassies by Western powers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with some in use until the late 20th or early 21st century. The area's recognition in the West began with a travelogue by a British knight who built a villa here. Visitors can purchase tickets, remove their shoes, and enjoy coffee on a sofa, with the last image capturing the picturesque view from this vantage point.