Hierapolis

Hierapolis, located above Pamukkale, was founded in 190 BC. In ancient times, the hot springs and the limestone at the foot of the mountain were believed to possess magical properties. The site is quite large, with ancient cemeteries, bathhouses, a market, arches, an amphitheater, the remains of the Temple of Apollo, the Hierapolis Archaeological Museum, and the ancient hot springs scattered from north to south. Entering from the north gate ticket office, one first passes through an ancient necropolis with over 1,000 tombs. Continuing forward, one arrives at the North Bathhouse, featuring several interconnected stone arches, a classic example of Roman architecture. Next to the bathhouses are three continuous arches and a cylindrical stone mound. From here, heading south, a north-south avenue runs through the site. Today, this avenue is mostly broken and fenced off. The Hierapolis Archaeological Museum is located at the southern end of the avenue, at a junction where the road leading up from the travertines at the foot of the mountain leads to this point. Formerly the Southern Baths, it displays a large collection of statues and sarcophagi excavated from the site, including Classical and Roman sculptures, ancient coins, and gold and silver jewelry. Turn left at this intersection to reach the Pamukkale Ancient Thermal Pool. Roman ruins lie at the bottom of the pool, where clear, hot spring water gushes forth continuously, allowing for clear views of marble columns and fragments of statues reclining at the bottom. The well-preserved amphitheater near the ancient thermal pool is a must-see. Built in the 2nd century BC, it is said to have accommodated up to 15,000 spectators. Statues of Greek gods can be found at the main entrance, and the ruins of the Temple of Apollo can be seen in the distance in front of the amphitheater. Hierapolis-Pamukkale is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Sunset is particularly beautiful, with the golden rays of the setting sun filtering through the arches onto the ancient stone, creating an unforgettable, time-worn beauty.